Heat reducing structure for explosive engines



' w. G. HERMSMEYER Original Filed May 29, 1929 May 10, 1932.

HEAT REDUCING STRUCTURE :FOR EXPLOSIVEENGINES Patented May 10, 1932WILLIAM G. HERMSMEYER,

PATENT OFFICE OF FORT WORTH, TEXAS HEA'I REDUCING STRUCTURE FOREXPLOSIVE ENGINES Application'filed May 29, 1929, Serial No. 366,851.Renewed March 30, 1932.

This invention relates to improvements internal combustion engines.

The main object is to provide cooperating means for reducing the heatabsorption of the cylinder Walls and exhaust valves.

A further object is to provide means for centering the explosive forceof .the fuel charges more directly upon the central portions of thepistons, thereby increasing the power of work handling capacity of theexplosion and concurrently reducing the exposure of the cylinder wallsto the excessive heat of the explosions.

A further object is to provide means for reducing the exposure of theexhaust valve to the excessive heat of the exhaust gases, therebyminimizing the accumulation of carbon deposits thereon.

. The foregoing and other objects, together with means whereby the samemay be carried into effect, will best be understood from the followingdescription of one. possible embodiment of the invention, taken inconnection with 'the accompanying drawings wherein Figure 1 is avertical section through the upper portion of an internal combustionengine of the L-head type, showing my improvements embodied therein;

Figure 2 is a plan view of the directing ring removed from the engine.

Referring now more particularly to the drawings, the reference numeral 1denotes an engine block of the L -head type having a plurality ofcylinders, one of which is indicated at 2, and the pistons, as indicatedat 3. The usual inlet and exhaust valves, as indicated at 4 and 5, areprovided for each cylinder, the said piston and valves being here shownas in. the exhaust position. The foregoing elements are of conventionalform and no invention is claimed therefor.

In carrying *out the invention, I provide for each cylinder 2 a beveledcombustion directing or centering ring 6, the outer diameter of the mainportion of which corresponds to the inner diameter of the cylinder 2,the said rings each having a surrounding lip 7 adapted to fit in annularseats 8 formed around the upper margin of the cylinders as shown, tosuspend the said rings Within the cylinders. The inner,- inwardly anddownwardly-sloping or beveled shoulder 9 is provided on each of therings 6 for a purpose to be described. A cylinder head 10 carrying theusual spark plugs (not shown.) is mounted over the cylinders 2 upon theblock 1 in any suitable manner, and serves to hold the said combustiondirecting or centering rings 6 in place in the cylinders, as clearly wshown in the drawings. Over each cylinder 2 a concaved, eccentriccombustion recess 11 is chambered out of the underside of the said head10; the said recess being cast off center towards the valves 4 and 5 andport 14, and over each individual inlet and exhaust valve 4 and 5 aseparate valve receiving pocket 12 is formedin the head beside'the saidrecess 11. The recess 11 and pockets 12 of each cylinder are of coursespaced from thoseof the adjacent cylinder and are air-tight toprevent-loss of compression and power in the engine. Each of the saidvalve pockets 12 is somewhat deeper than the companion combustion recess11, thus forming a valve protectin g shoulder l and the relativelyrestricted throat or port or passageway 14 connectin the said recess andvalve pocket as shown.

n operation the combustible mixture is fed to the engine in the usualmanner and so enters the pockets 12 through the inlet valves 4 and flowsinto the combustion chambers through the ports 14. The eccentricdisposition of the cupped or concaved combustion recesses 11, togetherwiththe sloping 5 shoulders 9 of the rings 6, cause the violentagitation and through intermixing of the said combustible mixture whenthe mixture is drawn into the combustion chambers I and facilitates thecomplete burning of the said mixture. When the mixture is ignited, theinward and downward slope of the shoulders 9 of the rings 6 directs thefull force of the explosions upon the central portions of the pistons 3,thus directing the heat away from the cylinder walls. Thus the cylinderwalls are prevented from becoming exces sively heated. As shown inFigure 1, the exhaust valves 5, when raised, enter the valve pockets 12and will be shielded from the culiar ofl' center formation oftherecesses 11,.

all cooperate to relieve the exhaust valves and cylinder walls from anexcess of heat. So far as the intake valves 4 are concerned, it is truethey still remain in the path of the exhaust gases, but this isconsidered rather as an advantage, as on the immediately succeedingintake strokes, the inflowing fuel becomes preheated as it passes intothe combustion chambers, whereby instantaneous explosions arefacilitated.

The inclination of the shoulders 9 in the combustion rings 6 and thediameter thereof will vary according to the bore and stroke and thespeed of the engine upon which they are used as well as according to thetype of fuel used by'that engine.

It will be noted from Figure 1 that when the pistons 3 are at theextremity of their upward movement as shown, a small annular clearancespace 15 will remain between the tops of the said pistons and the lowerfaces of the combustion rings 6, thus providing for carbon accumulationsand metal expansion. The combustible mixture in these spaces 15 Will bethe last to burn and this provides a cooling efl'ect and reducesdetonation in the cylinder.

While I have herein set forth a certain preferred embodiment of myinvention, it is understood that I may vary from the same in minordetails, not departing from the spirit of the invention and within thescope of the appended claims. For instance, instead of the explosioncentering rings 6 and shoulders 9 being formed circular, the same mightbe formed hexagonal at their inner margins or to any other desiredconfiguration, without departing from the essence of my invention asdefined in the claims.

I claim:

1. In an explosion engine cylinder having an annular seat formed aroundthe inner margin of the cylinder bore at the combustion chamber endthereof, an explosion centering ring mounted in this end of thecylinder, the said ring being beveled inwardly to facilitate itsfunction and having a surrounding lip adapted to fit in the said annularseat ofthe cylinder margin.

2. In an explosive engine, a cylinder having an annular seat formedaround the inner margin of the cylinder bore at the combusmyisi ature.WVILLIAM G. HERMS E

